A solenoid valve is an electromagnetically controlled industrial device, a fundamental component of automation systems used to control fluids. It belongs to the actuator category and is not limited to hydraulic or pneumatic systems. It is used in industrial control systems to adjust the direction, flow rate, speed, and other parameters of the medium.
A solenoid valve contains a sealed chamber with through-holes at different positions, each connecting to a different oil pipe. Inside the chamber is a piston, flanked by two electromagnets. When the coil of one electromagnet is energized, the valve body is attracted to that side. Controlling the movement of the valve body opens or closes different drain holes. The inlet hole is always open, allowing hydraulic oil to enter different drain pipes. The oil pressure then pushes the piston in the cylinder, which in turn moves the piston rod, which in turn drives the mechanical device. Thus, controlling the flow of current to the electromagnets controls the mechanical movement.
